[怎么区别汉语中的定语和状语]汉语定语 1.在汉语中,定语常由形容词、数量词、名词、代词充当,也可有其他词或短语充当。 例如:(和暖)的阳光照着(平静)的湖水。(形容词作定语) 我给大家讲(一个)故事。(数量词作定语) (今...+阅读
定语从句的引导词怎么使用
定语从句:
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。2,代替先行词。3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
(一)关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人,在从句中做主语
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
宾语从句通常由that 引导,做一个动词或者介词的宾语,如,He said that he was a good student. that 引导的部分做了say 的宾语
定语从句很重要的就是在从句中作成分。引导词有that,which,who, whom, in which, by which, why ,when, where等。 where 是表示地点的引导词,如 He was in the school where he used to play basketball. where 通常可以换成介词加上which 的形式,如在例子中,where就可以用in which来代替
I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
(二)介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导
The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(三)关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
2. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
3. why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
city in which./where I was born.
(四)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1.限制性定语从句: 不用逗号和主句隔开;是先行词不可缺少的定语,不能删除;翻译成先行词的定语,“…的…”;在关系词的使用上,做宾语时可省略、可用that 、可用who代替whom。
2.非限制性定语从句:用逗号和主句隔开;是对先行词的补充说明,删除后意思仍完整;通常翻译成主句的并列句;在关系词的使用上,不可省、不用that 、不用who代替whom。
限制性定语从句举例:
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.
非限制性定语从句举例:
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
定语从句9个引导词例句
who,whom,whose,which,that,as,when,where,why
That is the man who has a dog.
That is the man whom the dog likes.
That is the man whose dog likes him.
That is the dog which likes him.
That is the dog that belongs to him.
As you know, the dog is his.
I still remember the day when I met you.
I still remember the park where I met you.
That is the reason why I am here.
定语从句能有哪些引导词它们的区别是什
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that;关系副词:where, when, why, as。定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的判断,关键看从句中是否成分残缺,如果从句缺少主语,宾语或者定语,则选择关系代词;如果从句缺少状语,则选择关系副词。
1)that 可以指人也可以指物,指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在从句中作主语、宾语或是表语。
2)which 多指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
3 ) who指人,在从句中作主语和表语。口语中,who可代替whom在从句中作宾语。
4)whom指人,在从句中作宾语。它可以作动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。
5)whose可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作定语,意为“……的”,后面紧跟名词。当它指物时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语 ),where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语), as ( 引导非限制性定语从句 )。
定语从句的引导词怎么选择
【定语从句的引导词怎么选择】
一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who, whom,whose,which,that, as;关系副词when, where,why。定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分。
1.定语从句中缺主语,修饰人时用who /that,修饰物时用which /that引导。
2.从句中缺宾语,修饰人时用 who /whom /that或省略引导词;修饰物时用which /that或省略引导词。
3.从句中缺时间状语,用when或介词+which引导。
4.从句中缺地点状语,用where或介词+which引导。
5.从句中缺原因状语或先行词是 reason时,引导词用why /for which / that。
6.从句中缺定语,人和物都用 whose引导。
7.当先行词是way时,其定语从句的引导词用in which /that。
二、引导词as可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。
1.在固定词组the same...as,such...as中,as引导限制性定语从句。
2.当先行词是整个主句时,可用 as /which引导非限制性定语从句。引导词as和which的区别在于:
①as引导的非限制性定语从句可放于主句前、主句中、主句后,而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般放于主句后或句中。
②as常与从句中的know,see, hear,expect等动词连用,也常用于as often happens,as is often the case(常有的事)等句子中;而which一般不用于以上情况。
③as有“正如”的含义,which没有此含义。
三、关系代词who,whom,whose, which和as能引导非限制性定语从句,而that不能;非限制性定语从句中即使缺宾语,引导词也不能省略;关系副词when,where能引导非限制性定语从句,而why不能。
四、先行词是物时,其引导词可用 which也可用that,通常情况下二者可互换,但在有些情况下不能。
1.用which不用that引导定语从句的三种情况:
①非限制性定语从句用which,不用that引导。
②先行词为that时,为了避免重 复,定语从句用which不用that引导。
③介词后用which不用that引导。
2.用that不用which的七种情况:
①先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,用 that不用which引导。
②先行词为little,much,all,none,few,(the)one, something,everything,nothing,anything等不定代词时,用that引导。
③先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时,用 that引导。
④先行词前有any,all,no,few,every,some,little, much,(the)very,(the)only,(the)last等词修饰时,用 that引导。
⑤先行词为which时,为了避免重复,用that引导。
⑥先行词在从句中作表语时,常用that引导。
⑦当主句是There be...句型时,用that引导。
五、在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,从句的谓语动词应与复数名词保持一致;当one前有the only修饰时,从句的谓语动词应与the only one保持一致。
六、引导词前有介词或短语介词时,修饰人只能用 whom,修饰物只能用which引导。
先行词作宾语的时候可省略。
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