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中小学英语知识点总汇

04月08日 编辑 fanwen51.com

[初中英语知识点总结]十六种时态和他们的时间状语 1.一般现在时(do /does ) every day, every week , always ,usually, seldom ,never . 2.一般过去时(did ) yesterday , last week , ago ,the othe...+阅读

中小学英语知识点总汇

1.按读音记忆单词。实际上在你看单词时就要顺便看一眼音标,掌握字母及字母组合的读音规律。将所有符合规则的单词归类记忆。如: ①按开、闭音节记忆,掌握元音字母的读音。Bag: cat, map, sad; cake: name, plane, date; desk: next, set, step, let; these: Chinese, Japanese; hit: big, ship, this, kill; like: side, nice, kite,mine ; not: dog, hot, stop, got; nose: note, those, close, hole ; bus: nut, cup, rubber, dust; use: huge等。 ②按字母组合记忆,掌握元音字母组合和辅音字母组合的读音,如: bee, meet, see, keep等等,ee字母组合读/i:/;chair, ch字母组合读/tS / 。 2.分音节记忆。单词不论长短,如果从第一个字母背到最后一个字母,是 很难记忆的。如:information,共11个字母组成,可以把它“大卸八 块”,分音节记忆就会很容易。in-for-ma-tion 3.音、形、义结合法 背单词将它的音、形、义结合起来,记忆牢固,速度也快。

读准它的 音,看好它的形,明白它的义,尤其是一词多义,记忆时要提高分辨率。 如:orange是个兼类词,作可数名词意思是“桔子”;作形容词意思是 “桔色的”;作不可数名词意思是“桔汁”。可读音只有一 个/'orindJ/,词形一样。这样有意识地去分辨记忆就容易多了。 4.联想记忆来记单词。它主要包括以下几种形式: ① 对比联想记忆: 将同义词: study/learn(学习),big/large/great(大的),look/ see/watch(看),hear/listen(听),good/fine/well/ nice(好的), door/gate(门),like/love/enjoy(喜欢)等。 反义词: 如:big(大) →small(小),dear(昂贵) →cheap(便宜),hot (热) →cold(冷),slow(慢) →quick/fast(快),thin(瘦) →(胖),in front of(在……前面) →behind(在……后面), south(南) →north(北)等。

同音词: too(也) →two(二),for(为) →four(四),right(正确) → write(写),by(乘) →buy(买),blue(蓝色的) →blew(blow 的过去式),sea(海洋) →see(看见),son(儿子) →sun(太 阳), whether(是否)→weather(天气) 词形相近比较:want(想要)→wait(等待),read(读)→ready(准备好 的),wall(墙) →walk(走),quite(很)→quiet(安静的), present(礼物)→parent(父母)等放到一起对比记忆。 同时还可以联想到一些义同形不同的词。如:由cost联想到pay,take和spend,并将这些意义相对、相同或读音相同的词的用法进行比较。 ②归类联想记忆:把所学的单词按照不同的范畴分门别类, 将所学单词合理归类。 A.按词性归类。如:名词driver, name…,动词be, have, drive…, 形容词careful, happy…,副词carefully, happily…,介词in, on at…,代词he, she, him, her…等。

B.按用途归类。如:服装类coat, shirt, skirt, sweater, shoes…,食品类cake, rice, dumpling, noodle…,运动类 football, basketball, race, sport…,交通类traffic, bus, car, taxi, train, plane, ship…,月份January, February, March, April…,星期Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday和节日等。比如学习 Christmas一词时, 就联想到Children's Day,Women's Day, Teachers'Day,Tree—Planting Day,Mid—autumn Festival,National Day, New Year's Day, Spring Festival等一系列的节日名词。 ③构词联想记忆:利用同根词(词形转换)联想记忆,注意词性。英语单 词中有许多词具有一词多性的特点,如open既可作动词用,又可作 形容词用。另一些词具有同一个词根,如单词care既具备名词性质 又具备动词性质,它的同根词有careful,carefully,careless, carelessly,对于这些词,我们应重点记忆。

再如:north→ northern,noise→noisy→noisily等。利用合成词联想记忆,如 学到moonlight这个词就想到它是由moon和light这两个词合成 的;classroom是由class与room合成的。 ④搭配联想记忆:以一个单词为中心搭配不同的词而构成新的短语。这种语言现象非常多,如能经常使用此法则会牢固地记住所学的短语。如: 1)含有get的短语有:get ready for 为…… 做准备,get up 起 床,get on, with 与人相处,get down下来, get dressed穿衣服,get back取回;回来,got on 上车,get off下车,get to 到达,get out of从……出来, get lost迷路。 2)含go的短语有:go swimming去游泳, goes on继续;持续, go to school去上学, go to bed上床睡觉, goes home回家, go out for a walk出去散步, go away走开, goes down降落,go back回去, go on with继续做某事 3) 含look的短语有:look at 看, 1ook after照看;照顾, look the same 看起来很像, 1ook like看起来像, 1ook for寻找, 1ook up(在词典、参考书中)查找, 1ook over (医生)检查, 1ook around (round)环顾四周 4)含make的短语有:make room for 为……. 让地方, make sentences with 用……造句, made a face or made faces 做鬼脸, be made in在…制造 , be made of由…制成, make tea沏茶, make friends with 与……交朋友, make up编出, made a mistake出...

初中英语知识点总结

十六种时态和他们的时间状语 1.一般现在时(do /does ) every day, every week , always ,usually, seldom ,never . 2.一般过去时(did ) yesterday , last week , ago ,the other day , just now, in the past , that day , from then on (不到现在) 3.一般将来时(will do ) Tomorrow ,this evening , next week , soon , at once , right away, in three minutes , just a moment. 4.过去将来时(would do ) the next day ,after three years ,three years later ,soon ,right away . (这些时间状语用于间接引语) 5.现在进行时(am /is /are doing) now , just now , at the moment ,at present , always (带有感情色彩) 6 过去进行时(was /were doing ) at six yesterday evening ,from 7 to 9 yesterday evening ,at that time . 7 现在完成时(have /has done ) since , for some years , already , just , before, recently , so far , up till now , in the past few years , the last ten years . 8 过去完成时(had done ) by +过去时间, three years before , up to the end of last year 9 现在完成进行时(have /has been doing ) these days , all the morning , all day long ,all the year round 10 过去完成进行时(had been doing ) in those day , all day (这些时间状语用于间接引语) 11 将来进行时(shall/will be doing ) at 8 tomorrow morning , from 2 to 3 tomorrow afternoon 12 过去将来进行时(should /would be doing ) at 8 the next morning ,from 7 to 8 the next morning 13 将来完成时(shall /will have done ) by 2008 14 过去将来完成时(should /would have done ) by +将来时间(用于虚拟语气或间接引语), by the end of the next year 15 将来完成进行时(shall /will have been doing ) all tomorrow morning , all next week . 16 过去将来完成进行时(should /would have been doing ) all the next day , all the next week 几个时态的比较 1.did sth./have done sth. Who has taken away my umbrella? I can't find it anywhere. Oh, Sally took it away just now. 2.did sth./ had done sth. We learned six passages last week. We had learned six passages by the end of last week. 3.have been doing/have done sth. They have repaired several cars. They have been repairing cars. 57个中考必备句型 1 as soon as 2 as…as 3 as…as possible 4 ask sb. for sth. 5 ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth. 6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 7 be afraid of doing/that 8 be busy doing sth. 9 be famous/late/ready/sorry for… 10 be glad that 11 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell…sth. to sb. 12 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sb. sth. 13 either…or 14 enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on doing sth. 15 find it + adj to do sth. 16 get + 比较级 17 get ready for/get sth. ready 18 had better (not) do sth. 19 help sb. (to) do/help sb.with 20 I don't think that 21 I would like to /Would you like to…? 22 is one of the + 最高级 + n(pl.)… 23 It is +adj. for sb. to do sth. 24 It is a good idea to do sth. 25 It is the second + 最高级 +n. 26 It looks like …/It sounds like … 27 It seems to sb. that… 28 It sounds +adj. /It looks +adj. 29 It takes sb some time. to do sth. 30 It's bad/good for… 31 It's time for…/to do sth. 32 It's two meters (years) long (high, old). 33 keep sb. doing 34 keep/make sth. +adj. 35 like to do / like doing 36 make / let sb.(not) do sth. 37 neither…nor 38 not…at all 39 not…until 40 One…the other…/Some… others… 41 prefer…to 42 see/hear sb. do(doing) sth. 43 so…that 44 spend…on /(in) doing sth. 45 stop to do /stop doing 46 such a +adj. +n. that… 47 take/bring sth with sb. 48 thank sb for sth. 49 The more…the better 50 There is sth. wrong with… 51 too…to 52 used to 53 What about /How about…? 54 What's the matter with…? 55 What's wrong…? 56 Why not…? 57 Will (would, could) you please…? 如果你想了解更多初中英语的知识点的话,请及时追问! 告诉你一些学好英语的方法 上课认真听课,勤记笔记,课后多做练习紧跟老师思路,考完多做反思。

我也是一名初中生,我们一起加油!一起进步!希望你可以满意我的回答!

求英语的知识总结

初中英语是为高中英语打基础,所以一定要扎实这个阶段的基础知识,给你提供以下学习英语的方法: 第一 熟记单词 单词是构成英语文章之骨架,你必须明白英语单词的意思,用法,有些英语单词会有比较多的意思,你一定要分辨清楚,因为不同的含义会导致不同的翻译结果。我建议你制定个计划吧,每天要求自己背10~15个新单词(是指教科书上单词),还有一天熟悉5个词组或者固定搭配,例如take care (of)、look into、look after等等 第二 熟悉语法 语法是连接整篇文章之关键,是把单词这些骨架接合起来的经脉,没有语法,你光知道单词,也可能会理解不通其中的整句含义,所以你一定要对语法熟悉,最基本的就是主谓宾句子、陈述句、疑问句、被动句、一般式、将来式、过去式、过去/现在/将来完成时、宾语从句、状语从句、同位语句等等,这些语法,同理,都是需要你日积月累所得来的,并非一朝一夕可以把所有都熟记于心,所以学习计划对你很重要,利用好时间,让自己一天一点进步,那样我相信,你会成为英语高手的! 第三 认真听课 上英语课时,请认真听老师教课,别分心,思维跟着老师,别漏掉任何一个从老师口中讲述出来的重点知识,当然一般老师都会写在黑板上,那么你就应该做好笔记。

以前我读初中,还好认真听老师话,上课认真做笔记,然后我就看着课堂笔记复习英语,考试一般都在十名以内的。当然,除此之外,就是老师叫我们认真背单词,每天上课都要进行单词听写的。 第四 不懂则问 顾名思义,你在不懂的时候,一定要去请教老师或者英语成绩好的同学,这点很重要的。因为你在问的过程中,会更好地提高你对那道英语题的理解,还能更好地记住其中的重点。记得我读初中的时候,英语老师最喜欢就见到我来他办公室,因为他提倡多做多问,我遇到不会的就去问他,他很欢迎,而且我有时就连把做对的题都拿过去问他,因为他的口中会爆出更多意外的惊喜,就是说里面还包含了许多其他知识,我从中吸取额外的知识,不亦乐乎! 总的来说,你首先要提高自己对学习英语的兴趣,这点是最关键的,也是前提条件。

否则,你很难进入状态的!你可以暗自对自己说,“我很喜欢英语”,“学会了英语,我就比其他人强很多了”,尽量让自己感觉学习英语会让你有一种优越感!

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