2017考研英语语法大全

[英语圣诞节手抄报]英语圣诞节手抄报圣诞节这个名称是基督弥撒的缩写。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。圣诞节是一个宗教节日,我们把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝,因而又名耶诞节。耶稣的出生是有一段...+阅读

冠词(Article)

一、单数可数名词单数可数名词前必须加冠词，a(an)表示泛指或类指，the表示特指或类指。例句： Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the brery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his sles their freedom in his will. (选自2008年Text 4)分析：该句是复合句，其中主句是Washington overcame the strong opposition...， who引导的非限制性定语从句修饰Washington，该句中又有一个that引导的从句作believe的宾语。译文：在美国独立战争期间目睹了黑人士兵的勇敢之后，华盛顿才开始认为人生来平等。他克服了亲人的强烈反对，在遗嘱中给自己的奴隶们自由。例句： While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (选自2007年Part C)分析：该句是复合句，其中supplied to them by lawyers作定语修饰interpretations，undue reliance意为“过分依赖”。译文：虽然法律报道的质量各不相同，但是许多新闻记者都过分依赖律师提供给他们的解释。

二、定冠词the的用法在下述几种情况下须用定冠词the:表示世界上独一无二的名词，用在可数名词单数或某些形容词前代表一类人或事物，用在形容词、副词最高级和序数词和only之前。乐器名称前要加定冠词the。如：the sun the moon the universe the camelthe blind the largest island the only student the piano例句： The universe works in a way so far removed from what mon sense would allow that words of any kind must necessarily be inadequate to explain it. (1998年第19题)分析：该句是复合句，what mon sense would allow...作介词from的宾语从句，该句中还包含一个so...that...从句。译文：宇宙运行的方式与常识所允许的构思相距甚远，因此任何一种语言也必然不足以把它解释清楚。例句： But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, as we went from Wordsworth?s daffodils to Baudelaire?s flowers of evil. (选自2006年Text 4)分析：该句是复合句，主干结构是more artists began seeing happiness as...，而as we went from Wordsworth?s daffodils to Baudelaire?s flowers of evil是一个状语从句。译文：但是从19世纪的某个时候开始，当我们从华兹华斯的《水仙花》转向波德莱尔的《恶之花》时，越来越多的艺术家开始把快乐看做是毫无意义的、虚假的甚至是令人厌倦的东西。

三、人名、地名等专有名词人名、地名等专有名词前一般不用冠词，但在海洋、河流、山脉、群岛以及含有普通名词的专有名词前一般加定冠词。如：the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋)the Red Sea (红海)the Society for Anglo Chinese Understanding (英中了解协会)the Special Economic Zone (经济特区)例句： The four special economic zones(SEZS) in Guangdong and Fujian provinces, 14 coastal cities and Hainan island he specifically designed tax and other incentives for the foreign investor. (选自Far Eastern Economic Review)分析：该句是简单句。译文：广东与福建两省的四个经济特区、14个沿海开放城市及海南岛都有专门为外国投资者制定的税收及其他鼓励投资政策。

四、抽象名词和物质名词抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时，前面通常不用冠词，但特指时，则一定要加定冠词。例句： I admire the patience of scientific workers, which gives me much revelation.分析：该句是复合句，包含一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句。译文：我钦佩科研工作者的耐心，那给了我很多启示。

五、动名词动名词前一般不加冠词，但表示确定特指含义的动名词前要加定冠词。例句： Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.分析：该句是简单句，其中requiring...在句中作主语补足语，对主语some uniforms作进一步解释说明，形容词短语possible with many types of civilian clothes在句中作定语修饰the home laundering。译文：有些制服维护费用也比较昂贵，需要专业清洗，而不能使用洗涤其他普通衣物的家庭洗涤方式。

六、一般不加冠词的一些名词1. 节日前一般不加冠词，如Christmas，但也有例外。如：the Spring Festival(春节)the Mid autumn Festival(中秋节)the Dragon Boat Festival(端午节)例句： Before the Spring Festival, the leaders of the village made the house to house survey, inquiring in each family about their needs and problems.分析：该句是简单句，其中inquiring in each family about their needs and problems在句中作伴随状语。译文：在春节前夕，村中的领导挨家挨户地走访，询问每个家庭的需要和问题。2. 一日三餐表示一般意义时，其前面不用冠词，但表示特殊含义时可用a或the。例句： My little son had a big breakfast this morning,and it was the very breakfast that made him unfortable the whole day.分析：该句是并列句，其中第二个分句是一个强调句。译文：小儿子今早吃得太多，就是这顿早餐使他一整天都不舒服。3. 公园、街道、体育项目、游戏等名称前一般不用冠词，季节、月份等日期前一般不用冠词，但表示特指时须加冠词。例句： Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing decisions that denied victory to their team.分析：该句是复合句，其中定语从句that denied victory to their team修饰decisions。译文：尽管1998年世界杯早已尘埃落定，但失望的球迷仍然对那个使自己球队痛失胜利的有争议的判罚耿耿于怀。