初中英语人教版知识点总结

[英语圣诞节手抄报]英语圣诞节手抄报圣诞节这个名称是基督弥撒的缩写。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。圣诞节是一个宗教节日,我们把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝,因而又名耶诞节。耶稣的出生是有一段...+阅读

初中英语人教版知识点总结

一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。

时间状语： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday

I lee home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.

Shanghai lies in the east of China.

3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I dont want so much.

Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.

I am doing my homework now.

第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

2. 一般过去时的用法

1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?

2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm

wele.

3)句型：

It is time for sb. to do sth 到时间了该了

It is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了早该了

It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事

Id rather you came tomorrow.

4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might he some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较：

一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。

Christine was an invalid all her life.

(含义：她已不在人间。)

Christine has been an invalid all her life.

(含义：她现在还活着)

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.

(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.

( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)

注意：用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。

Did you want anything else?

I wondered if you could help me.

2)情态动词 could, would.

Could you lend me your bike?

3. used to / be used to

used to + do：过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。 Mother used not to be so fetful.

Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)

be used to + doing：对已感到习惯，或习惯于，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。

He is used to a vegetarian diet.

Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)

典型例题

---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.

---- Its 69568442.

A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant

答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。

4. 一般将来时

1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。

will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。

Which paragraph shall I read first.

Will you be at home at seven this evening?

2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。

What are you going to do tomorrow?

b. 计划，安排要发生的事。

The play is going to be produced next month。

c. 有迹象要发生的事

Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.

3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。

He is about to lee for Beijing.

注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

5. be going to / will

用于条件句时， be going to 表将来

will 表意愿

If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it a s soon as possible.

Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

6. be to和be going to

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。

be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排)

Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)

7. 一般现在时表将来

1)下列动词：e, go, arrive, lee, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

The train lees at six tomorrow morning.

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.

2)倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：

Here es the bus. = The bus is ing.

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.

3)在时间或条件句中。

When Bill es (不是will e), ask him to wait for me.

Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.

4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。

I hope they he a nice time next week.

Make sure that the windows are closed before you lee the room.

11. 用于现在完成时的句型

1)It is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。 It is the first time that I he visited the city.

It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2)This is the that结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.

This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen.

这是我看过的最好的电影。

This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。典型例题

(1) ---Do you know our town at all?

---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was B. he been C. came D. am ing

答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。

(2) ---He you ____ been to our town before?

---No, its the first time I ___ here.

A. even, e B. even, he e C. ever, e D. ever, he e

答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I he ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。

注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

(错)I he received his letter for a month.

(对)I hent received his letter for almost a month.

12. 比较since和for

Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。

I he lived here for more than twenty years.

I he lived here since I was born..

My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.

Some new oilfields he been opened up since 1976.

I he known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.

My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.

I he not heard from my uncle for a long time.

注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years.

(我现在已不在这里工作。)

I he worked here for many years.

(现在我仍在这里工作。)

小窍门：当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。

1) (对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.

= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.

2) (错) Harry has got married for six years.

= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.

13. since的四种用法

1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。

I he been here since 1989.

2) since +一段时间+ ago

I he been here since five months ago.

3) since +从句

Great changes he taken place since you left.

Considerable time has elapsed since we he been here.

4) It is +一段时间+ since从句

It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.

被动语态的几种类型

1)主语句中有一个宾语的被动语态，如：

He saw her in the shop yesterday.

She was seen in the shop yesterday.

2) 主语有两个宾语的被动语态

Li Lei ge me a chemistry book.

I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei.

A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei.

3)主动句中含宾语补足语的句子的被动语态

若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为

感官动词：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom.

-- I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).

We saw him play football on the playground.

-- He was seen to play football on the playground.

若宾语补足语是带to的不定式，那么被动语态仍保留to:

Mother told me not to be late

I was told not to be late by mother.

5)情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。

Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.

6)表示据说或相信的词组

believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand

It is said that 据说

It is reported that 据报道

It is believed that 大家相信

It is hoped that 大家希望

It is well known that 众所周知

It is thought that 大家认为

It is suggested that 据建议

It is taken granted that 被视为当然

It has been decided that 大家决定

It must be remember that务必记住的是

It is said that she will lee for Wuhan on Tuesday.

14. 延续动词与瞬间动词

1) 用于完成时的区别

延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。

He has pleted the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)

Ive known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)

2) 用于till / until从句的差异

延续动词用于肯定句，表示做直到瞬间动词用于否定句，表示到，才

He didnt e back until ten oclock.

他到10 点才回来。

He slept until ten oclock.

他一直睡到10点。

初中英语人教版知识点总结